Summary

This Sidebar—the second of a two-part series identifying declarations issued under the National Emergencies Act, provides a Table identifying national emergency declarations that are no longer in effect as of July 31, 2020 (the companion Sidebar, identifying declarations that remain in effect, can be found here). The Table also lists statutory authorities cited to support the initial Executive Order or Presidential Proclamation. Finally, the Table identifies the executive action that ended the declared emergency. This list was generated by searching the Presidential Documents database on Westlaw for citations to the “National Emergencies Act” and the terms emergency and declare or proclaim. To determine the status of each declared national emergency, we consulted the Executive Orders Disposition Tables, produced by the National Archives, searched the Federal Register database on Westlaw for the Executive Order or Presidential Proclamation number and variations and combinations of the terms contin! or revok! or rescind! or termin!, and reviewed presidential actions posted on the White House website on July 31, 2020. In part because there is little case law on the matter and the Executive has arguably taken conflicting views over the years on the Act’s relationship with other statutes, this Sidebar identifies only those Executive Orders and Presidential Proclamations that expressly invoke the National Emergencies Act. Presidents have generally asserted their authority under the Constitution and laws of the United States before specifically mentioning the National Emergencies Act and other statutes listed below. Emily E. Roberts prepared an earlier version of this Sidebar. This Sidebar will be updated on a semiannual basis as circumstances warrant. For more information on the President’s emergency powers, see CRS Report 98-505, National Emergency Powers, by L. Elaine Halchin. Declared National Emergencies Expressly Invoking the National Emergencies Act No Longer in Effect as of July 31, 2020 Order or Proclamation Declaring National Emergency Title President Statutes Cited as Authority for Initial Order or Proclamation Status Exec. Order No. 12,211, 45 Fed. Reg. 26,685 (Apr. 17, 1980). Further Prohibitions on Transactions With Iran Carter International Emergency Economic Powers Act, 50 U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708. National Emergencies Act, 50 U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651. 22 U.S.C. §§ 1732, 2656. 3 U.S.C. § 301. Prohibitions revoked by Exec. Order No. 12,282, 46 Fed. Reg. 7925 (Jan. 19, 1981). Exec. Order No. 12,513, 50 Fed. Reg. 18,629 (May 1, 1985). Prohibiting Trade and Certain Other Transactions Involving Nicaragua Reagan International Emergency Economic Powers Act, 50 U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708. National Emergencies Act, 50 U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651. 50 U.S.C. §§ 191-198. 3 U.S.C. § 301. Revoked by Exec. Order No. 12,707, 55 Fed. Reg. 9707 (Mar. 13, 1990). Exec. Order No. 12,532, 50 Fed. Reg. 36,861 (Sept. 9, 1985). Prohibiting Trade and Certain Other Transactions Involving South Africa Reagan International Emergency Economic Powers Act, 50 U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708. National Emergencies Act, 50 U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651. Foreign Assistance Act, 22 U.S.C. 2151-2431k. United Nations Participation Act , 22 U.S.C. § 287c. Arms Export Control Act, 22 U.S.C. §§ 2751- 2799aa–2. Export Administration Act 50 U.S.C. §§ 4601-4623. Atomic Energy Act, 42 U.S.C. §§ 2011 – 2296b. Foreign Service Act, 22 U.S.C. §§ 3901 - 4226. Federal Advisory Committee Act, 5 U.S.C. App. §§ I - 16. 3 U.S.C. § 301. Revoked by Exec. Order 12,769, 56 Fed. Reg. 31,855 (July 10, 1991). Exec. Order No. 12,543, 51 Fed. Reg. 875 (Jan. 7, 1986). Prohibiting Trade and Certain Transactions Involving Libya Reagan International Emergency Economic Powers Act, 50 U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708. National Emergencies Act, 50 U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651. 3 U.S.C. § 301. Sections 504 and 505 of the International Security and Development Cooperation Act of 1985 (Public Law 99-83). 49 U.S.C. § 1514. Revoked by Exec. Order No. 13,357, 69 Fed. Reg. 56,665 (Sept. 20, 2004). Exec. Order No. 12,635, 53 Fed. Reg. 12,134 (Apr. 8, 1988). Prohibiting Certain Transactions With Respect to Panama Reagan International Emergency Economic Powers Act, 50 U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708. National Emergencies Act, 50 U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651. 3 U.S.C. § 301. Revoked by Exec. Order No. 12,710, 55 Fed. Reg. 13,099 (Apr. 5, 1990). Exec. Order No. 12,722, 55 Fed. Reg. 31,803 (Aug. 2, 1990), modified by Exec. Order No. 12,724, 55 Fed. Reg. 33,090 (Aug. 9, 1990), Exec. Order No. 12,743, 56 Fed. Reg. 2661 (Jan. 18, 1991), and Exec. Order No. 12,817, 57 Fed. Reg. 48,433 (Oct. 21, 1992). See also Exec. Order No. 13,303, 68 Fed. Reg. 31,931 (May 22, 2003), below. Blocking Iraqi Government Property and Prohibiting Transactions with Iraq G.H.W. Bush International Emergency Economic Powers Act, 50 U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708. National Emergencies Act, 50 U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651. 3 U.S.C. § 301. Revoked by Exec. Order No. 13,350, 69 Fed. Reg. 46,055 (July 29, 2004). Exec. Order No. 12,735, 55 Fed. Reg. 48,587 (Nov. 16, 1990). Chemical and Biological Weapons Proliferation G.H.W. Bush International Emergency Economic Powers Act, 50 U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708. National Emergencies Act, 50 U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651. 3 U.S.C. § 301. Revoked by Exec. Order No. 12,938, 59 Fed. Reg. 59,099 (Nov. 14, 1994). Exec. Order No. 12,775, 56 Fed. Reg. 50,641 (Oct. 4, 1991), revoked in part by Exec. Order No. 12,779, 56 Fed. Reg. 55,975 (Oct. 28, 1991), and Exec. Order No. 12,853, 58 Fed. Reg. 35,843 (June 30, 1993). Prohibiting Certain Transactions With Respect to Haiti G.H.W. Bush International Emergency Economic Powers Act, 50 U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708. National Emergencies Act, 50 U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651. 3 U.S.C. § 301. Revoked by Exec. Order No. 12,932, 59 Fed. Reg. 52,403 (Oct. 14, 1994). Exec. Order No. 12,808, 57 Fed. Reg. 23,299 (May 30, 1992), expanded by Exec. Order No. 12,846, 58 Fed. Reg. 25,771 (Apr. 25, 1993), and Exec. Order No. 12,934, 59 Fed. Reg. 54,117 (Oct. 25, 1994). Blocking "Yugoslav Government" Property and Property of the Governments of Serbia and Montenegro G.H.W. Bush International Emergency Economic Powers Act, 50 U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708. National Emergencies Act, 50 U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651. 3 U.S.C. § 301. Revoked by Exec. Order No. 13,304, 68 Fed. Reg. 32,315 (May 28, 2003). Exec. Order No. 12,865, 58 Fed. Reg. 51,005 (Sept. 26, 1993), amended by Exec. Order No. 13,069, 2 Fed. Reg. 65,989 (Dec. 12, 1997), and Exec. Order No. 13,098, 63 Fed. Reg. 44,771 (Aug. 18, 1998). Prohibiting Certain Transactions Involving UNITA Clinton International Emergency Economic Powers Act, 50 U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708. National Emergencies Act, 50 U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651. United Nations Participation Act, 22 U.S.C. § 287c. Revoked by Exec. Order No. 13,298, 68 Fed. Reg. 24,857 (May 6, 2003). Exec. Order No. 12,868, 58 Fed. Reg. 51,749 (Sept. 30, 1993). Measures To Restrict the Participation by United States Persons in Weapons Proliferation Activities Clinton International Emergency Economic Powers Act, 50 U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708. National Emergencies Act, 50 U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651. Export Administration Act of 1979, 50 U.S.C. 4501 – 4623. 3 U.S.C. § 301. Revoked by Exec. Order No. 12,930, 59 Fed. Reg. 50,475 (Sept. 29, 1994). Exec. Order No. 12,930, 59 Fed. Reg. 50,475 (Sept. 29, 1994). Measures to Restrict the Participation by United States Persons in Weapons Proliferation Activities Clinton International Emergency Economic Powers Act, 50 U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708. National Emergencies Act, 50 U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651. 3 U.S.C. § 301. Revoked by Exec. Order No. 12,938, 59 Fed. Reg. 59,099 (Nov. 14, 1994). Exec. Order No. 12,947, 60 Fed. Reg. 5079 (Jan. 23, 1995), amended by Exec. Order No. 13,099, 63 Fed. Reg. 45,167 (Aug. 20, 1998), and Exec. Order No. 13,372, 70 Fed. Reg. 8499 (Feb. 16, 2005). Prohibiting Transactions With Terrorists Who Threaten To Disrupt the Middle East Peace Process Clinton International Emergency Economic Powers Act, 50 U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708. National Emergencies Act, 50 U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651. 3 U.S.C. § 301. Revoked by Exec. Order No. 13,886, 84 Fed. Reg. 48,041 (Sept. 9, 2019). Pres. Proc. 6,907, 61 Fed. Reg. 35,083 (Jul. 1, 1996). Declaration of a State of Emergency and Release of Feed Grain From the Disaster Reserve Clinton National Emergencies Act, 50 U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651. 7 U.S.C. § 1427a. Not renewed by notice as of July 1, 1997. Exec. Order No. 13,047, 62 Fed. Reg. 28,301 (May 20, 1997), amended by Exec. Order No. 13,310, 68 Fed. Reg. 44,853 (July 28, 2003). Prohibiting New Investment in Burma Clinton Foreign Operations, Export Financing, and Related Programs Appropriations Act, Pub. L. 104-208, § 570, 110 Stat. 3001 (1997). International Emergency Economic Powers Act, 50 U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708. National Emergencies Act, 50 U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651. 3 U.S.C. § 301. Revoked by Exec. Order No. 13,742, 81 Fed. Reg. 70,593 (Oct. 7, 2016). Exec. Order No. 13,088, 63 Fed. Reg. 32,109 (June 8 1998), amended by Exec. Order No. 13,121, 64 Fed. Reg. 24,021 (Apr. 30, 1999), and Exec. Order No. 13,192, 63 Fed. Reg. 7379 (Jan. 17, 2001). Blocking Property of the Governments of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro), the Republic of Serbia, and the Republic of Montenegro, and Prohibiting New Investment in the Republic of Serbia in Response to the Situation in Kosovo Clinton International Emergency Economic Powers Act, 50 U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708. National Emergencies Act, 50 U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651. 3 U.S.C. § 301. Revoked by Exec. Order No. 13,304, 68 Fed. Reg. 32,215 (May 28, 2003). Exec. Order No. 13,129, 64 Fed. Reg. 36,759 (July 4, 1999). Blocking Property and Prohibiting Transactions With the Taliban Clinton International Emergency Economic Powers Act, 50 U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708. National Emergencies Act, 50 U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651. 3 U.S.C. § 301. Revoked by Exec. Order No. 13,268, 67 Fed. Reg. 44,751 (July 2, 2002). Exec. Order No. 13,159, 65 Fed. Reg. 39,279 (June 21, 2000). Blocking Property of the Government of the Russian Federation Relating to the Disposition of Highly Enriched Uranium Extracted From Nuclear Weapons Clinton International Emergency Economic Powers Act, 50 U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708. National Emergencies Act, 50 U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651. 3 U.S.C. § 301. Expired and effectively superseded by Exec. Order No. 13,617, 77 Fed. Reg. 38,459 (June 25, 2012) which was later revoked by Exec. Order No. 13,695, 80 Fed. Reg. 30,331 (May 26, 2015). Exec. Order No. 13,194, 66 Fed. Reg. 7389, (Jan. 18, 2001), amended by Exec. Order No. 13,213, 66 Fed. Reg. 28, 829 (May 22, 2001). Prohibiting the Importation of Rough Diamonds From Sierra Leone Clinton International Emergency Economic Powers Act, 50 U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708. National Emergencies Act, 50 U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651. United Nations Participation Act, 22 U.S.C. § 287c. 3 U.S.C. § 301. Revoked by Exec. Order No. 13,324, 69 Fed. Reg. 2823 (Jan. 15, 2004). Exec. Order No. 13,348, 69 Fed. Reg. 44,885 (July 22, 2004). Blocking Property of Certain Persons and Prohibiting the Importation of Certain Goods from Liberia G.W. Bush International Emergency Economic Powers Act, 50 U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708. National Emergencies Act, 50 U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651. United Nations Participation Act, 22 U.S.C. § 287c. 3 U.S.C. § 301. Revoked by Exec. Order No. 13,710, 80 Fed. Reg. 71,679 (Nov. 12, 2015). Exec. Order No. 13,396, 71 Fed. Reg. 7389, (Feb. 7, 2006). Blocking Property of Certain Persons Contributing to the Conflict in Côte d'Ivoire G.W. Bush International Emergency Economic Powers Act, 50 U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708. National Emergencies Act, 50 U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651. United Nations Participation Act, 22 U.S.C. § 287c. 3 U.S.C. § 301. Revoked by Exec. Order No. 13,739, 81 Fed. Reg. 63,673 (Sept. 14, 2016). Pres. Proc. No. 8443, 74 Fed. Reg. 55,439 (Oct. 23, 2009). Declaration of a National Emergency With Respect to the 2009 H1N1 Influenza Pandemic Obama National Emergencies Act, 50 U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651. Not renewed by notice as of October 23, 2010. Exec. Order No. 13,617, 77 Fed. Reg. 38,459 (June 25, 2012). Blocking Property of the Government of the Russian Federation Relating to the Disposition of Highly Enriched Uranium Extracted From Nuclear Weapons Obama International Emergency Economic Powers Act, 50 U.S.C. §§ 1701-1708. National Emergencies Act, 50 U.S.C. §§ 1601-1651. 3 U.S.C. § 301. Revoked by Exec. Order No. 13,695, 80 Fed. Reg. 30,331 (May 26, 2015).

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