Research ReportCRS ReportVersion 4
R45481
“Affirmative Action” and Equal Protection in Higher Education
Published Jan 31, 2019Updated Jun 20, 2025
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What this is
The Congressional Research Service is a nonpartisan policy and legal analysis arm of the Library of Congress. CRS reports are written for members of Congress and their staff, not the public — but they’re made available openly through Congress.gov.