Southwest Border Security Threat Assessment Act of 2016

(Sec. 2) This bill directs the Secretary of Homeland Security (DHS) to submit a southwest border threat analysis that includes an assessment of:

• terrorism and criminal threats posed by individuals and organized groups seeking to unlawfully enter the United States through the southwest border or seeking to exploit security vulnerabilities along such border;
• improvements needed at and between ports of entry to prevent terrorists and instruments of terror from entering the United States;
• gaps in law, policy, and coordination that hinder effective and efficient border security, counterterrorism, anti-human smuggling and trafficking efforts;
• the flow of legitimate trade along the southwest border;
• the current percentage of situational awareness and of operational control achieved by DHS along the southwest border;
• the impact of trusted traveler programs on border wait times and border security; and
• traveler crossing times and any potential security vulnerability associated with prolonged wait times.

As part of such analysis, the Secretary shall consider and examine:

• technology, personnel, and infrastructure needs and challenges;
• the roles and authorities of law enforcement;
• the status of coordination among law enforcement entities;
• the terrain, population density, and climate along the southwest border; and
• international agreements between the United States and Mexico.

(Sec. 3) The bill requires the Chief of the Border Patrol, within 180 days after submission of the threat analysis and every five years thereafter, to issue a Border Patrol Strategic Plan that includes consideration of:

• the southwest border threat analysis;
• efforts to analyze and disseminate border security and border threat information between DHS components and with other federal agencies with missions associated with the border;
• efforts to increase situational awareness, to detect and prevent terrorists and instruments of terrorism from entering the United States, and to detect, interdict, and disrupt aliens and illicit drugs at the earliest possible point upon entry into the United States;
• efforts to focus intelligence collection to disrupt transnational criminal organizations outside of U.S. borders;
• efforts to ensure that any new border security technology can be operationally integrated with existing DHS technologies;
• technology required to maintain, support, and enhance security and facilitate trade at ports of entry;
• operational coordination unity of effort initiatives of DHS border security components;
• lessons learned from Operation Jumpstart and Operation Phalanx;
• cooperative agreements and information sharing with agencies that have jurisdiction on the borders;
• border security information received from consultation with such agencies and from border community stakeholders;
• staffing requirements;
• a prioritized list of departmental research and development objectives;
• an assessment of training programs for detecting fraudulent documents, understanding the scope of enforcement authorities and the use of force policies, and screening, identifying, and addressing vulnerable populations; and
• an assessment of how border security operations affect crossing times.

Southwest Border Security Threat Assessment Act of 2016

This bill directs the Secretary of Homeland Security (DHS) to submit a southwest border threat analysis that includes an assessment of:

• terrorism and criminal threats posed by individuals and organized groups seeking to unlawfully enter the United States through the southwest border or seeking to exploit border vulnerabilities along such border;
• improvements needed at and between ports of entry along such border to prevent terrorists and instruments of terror from entering the United States;
• gaps in law, policy, cooperation between state, local, or tribal law enforcement, international agreements, or tribal agreements that hinder effective and efficient border security, counterterrorism, anti-human smuggling and trafficking efforts, and the flow of legitimate trade along such border; and
• the current percentage of situational awareness and of operational control of U.S. borders achieved by DHS of the international land and maritime borders of the United States.

The bill requires the Chief of the Border Patrol to issue, by March 1, 2017, and every five years thereafter, a Border Patrol Strategic Plan that includes consideration of:

• an evaluation of the southwest border threat analysis and an assessment of principal border security threats;
• efforts to analyze and disseminate border security and border threat information between DHS components and with other federal agencies with missions associated with the border;
• efforts to increase situational awareness, to detect and prevent terrorists and instruments of terrorism from entering the United States, and to detect, interdict, and disrupt aliens and illicit drugs at the earliest possible point upon entry into the United States;
• efforts to focus intelligence collection to disrupt transnational criminal organizations outside of U.S. borders;
• efforts to ensure that any new border security technology can be operationally integrated with existing DHS technologies;
• technology required to maintain, support, and enhance security and facilitate trade at ports of entry;
• operational coordination unity of effort initiatives of DHS border security components;
• lessons learned from Operation Jumpstart and Operation Phalanx;
• cooperative agreements and information sharing with state, local, and federal law enforcement agencies that have jurisdiction on the northern or southern border;
• border security information received from consultation with such agencies and from border community stakeholders;
• staffing requirements for all border security functions;
• a prioritized list of research and development objectives to enhance the security of U.S. borders;
• an assessment of training programs for detecting fraudulent documents, understanding the scope of enforcement authorities and the use of force policies, and screening, identifying, and addressing vulnerable populations; and
• an assessment of how border security operations affect crossing times.