Federal Death Penalty Abolition Act - Repeals death penalty provisions for a wide range of specified offenses under the Immigration and Nationality Act, the federal criminal code, the Controlled Substances Act, and other statutes, including for murder relating to the smuggling of aliens, murder during a hostage-taking, and certain non-homicide-related offenses (espionage and treason). Repeals procedural provisions relating to the imposition of the death sentence.

Prohibits sentencing to death or putting to death any person for any violation of federal law. Commutes death penalty sentences imposed prior to the enactment of this Act to life imprisonment without the possibility of parole.